triticum-aestivum; glycine-max; nutrient-uptake; crop-yield;
pot-experimentation; zinc-uptake
NAL Call No.: TD930.A32
************************************************************
72.  Effectiveness of vegetative filter strips in retaining
surface-applied swine manure constituents.
Chaubey, I.; Edwards, D. R.; Daniel, T. C.; Moore, P. A. Jr.;
Nichols, D. J. 

Trans-ASAE v.37, p.845-850. (1994).
Includes references.
Descriptor: festuca-arundinacea; pig-manure; liquid-manures;
runoff-; grass-strips; filterability-; water-quality
Abstract: Simulated rainfall was used to evaluate the
effectiveness of vegetative filter strips (VFS) of varying
lengths (0, 3, 6, 9, 15, and 21 m) in  reducing sediment and
nutrient losses from plots treated with liquid swine manure at
200 kg N/ha. Mass transport of ammonia nitrogen (NH3- N), total
Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), ortho-phosphorus (PO4-P), total
phosphorus (TP), and total suspended solids (TSS) was reduced 
significantly (p < 0.05) by fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)
VFS. The 3 and 21 m VFS removed 65 and 87% of incoming TKN, 71
and  99% of incoming NH3-N, 65 and 94% of incoming PO4-P, and 67
and 92% of the incoming TP, respectively. Effectiveness of VFS,
however,  did not increase significantly beyond 3 m for TSS and
chemical oxygen demand and averaged 61 and 50%, respectively.
Mass transport of  TKN, NH3-N, PO4-P, and TP was minimized at the
9 m VFS length. The VFS did not significantly reduce nitrate
nitrogen and fecal coliform  from the incoming runoff.
First-order kinetics described the removal of manure
constituents.
NAL Call No.: 290.9-Am32T
************************************************************
73.  Effects of the application of pig slurry on some
physico-chemical and physical properties of calcareous soils.
Bernal, M. P.; Roig, A.; Lax, A.; Navarro, A. F. 

Bioresource-Technol v.42, p.233-239. (1992).
Includes references.
Descriptor: pig-slurry; application-; calcareous-soils;
physicochemical-properties; application-rates; soil-ph;
soil-analysis; slurries-; analysis-; techniques-
NAL Call No.: TD930.A32
************************************************************
74.  Eichhornia crassipes systems on three ammonium-containing
industrial effluents (pectin, carcass-treatment wastes and
manure): production  and purification.
Casabianca Chassany, M. L. d.; Boonne, C.; Basseres, A. 

Bioresource-Technol v.42, p.95-101. (1992).
Includes references.
Descriptor: eichhornia-crassipes; industrial-wastes; ammonium-;
nitrogen-; pectins-; pig-manure; carcass-waste; treatment-;
biomass-production; purification-; biotechnology-
NAL Call No.: TD930.A32
************************************************************
75.  Emissions of nitrogen oxide gases during aerobic treatment
of animal slurries.
Burton, C. H.; Sneath, R. W.; Farrent, J. W. 

Bioresour-technol. Barking, Essex, England : Elsevier Applied
Science ; New York, NY : Elsevier Science Publishing Co., 1991-.
1993.  v. 45 (3) p. 233-235. 
Includes references.
Descriptor: pig-slurry; aerobic-treatment; emission-;
nitrogen-oxides
Abstract: Quantities of nitrous oxide, N2O, an important
greenhouse gas, were found in the effluent gases from controlled
continuous aerobic  treatment of pig slurry. Where
nitrifying-denitrifying conditions were encouraged (4-day
treatment time and aeration to a redox potential of -50  mV
Ecal), concentrations of this gas at times exceeded 1500 ppm and
accounted for 19% of the nitrogen lost from the slurry. Smaller 
concentrations of the gas (170 ppm) were found during short
treatments (1.5 days) where nitrifying activity would not be
expected; partial  nitrification is a possible explanation.
Quantities of nitric oxide (NO) (up to 100 ppm), and even small
amounts of NO2, were also found,  suggesting these previously
unquantified nitrogen transformation routes in the traditional
nitrogen cycle exist in aerobic treatment processes.
NAL Call No.: TD930.A32
************************************************************
76.  Enterobacterial and viral decay experimental models for
anaerobic digestion of piggery waste.
Mateu, A.; Mata Alvarez, J.; Pares, R. 

Appl-Microbiol-Biotech v.38, p.291-296. (1992).
Includes references.
Descriptor: pig-manure; piggery-effluent; anaerobic-digestion;
fecal-coliforms; bacteriophages-; survival-; ammonia-;
volatile-fatty-acids; inactivation-; models-; comparisons-;
coliphages-; lagoon-stabilization; cell-free-synthetic-media
Abstract: A laboratory study was conducted to determine the
effects of the continuous mesophilic anaerobic digestion of raw
pig manure in two  types of enteropathogenic microorganisms,
bacterial and viral. Faecal coliforms (indigenous to pig manure)
and coliphage f2 (ATCC 15766 B1)  were used as a model for some
indigenous enteropathogenic microorganisms. The study was
completed with laboratory survival experiments in  lagoon
stabilization of raw pig manure, for both models. Experiments for
f2 survival in cell-free synthetic medium were also carried out.
The  results show that the anaerobic digestion process is more
effective in eliminating viral than bacterial particles. Some
parameters related to the  ultimate biogas yield and kinetics
were also determined. Lagoon stabilization of raw pig manure
provides a more suitable environment for the  removal of faecal
coliforms than does anaerobic digestion. Finally, it was
concluded that volatile fatty acids appeared to be responsible
for the  elimination of faecal coliforms. The agent that causes
f2 inactivation is not well identified, although in some cases it
could be NH3 that seems  to act as a viricidal agent.
NAL Call No.: QR1.E9
************************************************************
77.  Equipment for application of animal slurry in field
experiments.
Petersen, J. 

J-agric-eng-res v.59, p.97-109. (1994).
Includes references.
Descriptor: slurry-spreaders; cattle-slurry; pig-slurry;
experimental-equipment; experimental-plots; band-placement;
soil-injection; slurry-pumps
NAL Call No.: 58.8-J82
************************************************************
78.  Estimated seepage losses from established swine waste
lagoons in the lower coastal plain of North Carolina.
Huffman, R. L.; Westerman, P. W. 

Trans-ASAE v.38, p.449-453. (1995).
Includes references.
Descriptor: pigs-; lagoons-; waste-water; seepage-;
coastal-plains; groundwater-; water-pollution; north-carolina
Abstract: Eleven well-established, swine waste lagoon systems in
the lower coastal plain of North Carolina were examined for
evidence of seepage  losses to the superficial aquifer. The sites
were selected to represent three major soil systems in the areas
of North Carolina with the highest  swine populations. Elevated
ammonium concentration was the strongest indicator of seepage.
Estimated seepage losses were small on 45% of  the systems
studied. On the remaining sites, estimates of total nitrogen
export indicated moderate to severe seepage losses. Several of
these  were near surface waters that probably served as discharge
points, minimizing the likelihood of extensive impact on
groundwater quality. No  assessment was made of effect on the
receiving surface waters. There was no apparent relationship
between seepage loss rates and major soil  system or style of
construction. Rather, the dominant factor appeared to be the soil
materials used in construction.
NAL Call No.: 290.9-Am32T